Lithium-ion batteries offer exceptional load characteristics, comparable to nickel-cadmium in terms of discharge performance. However, their energy density is typically twice that of standard nickel-cadmium, with ongoing potential for even higher capacities.

Unlike nickel-based battery packs, which require three 1.2-volt cells connected in series, lithium-ion packs benefit from a higher cell voltage of 3.6V, allowing our battery designs to operate efficiently with just a single cell. For example, most modern mobile phones run on a single lithium-ion cell due to its superior energy output.

Lithium-ion batteries are also low-maintenance, offering advantages unmatched by other chemistries. They don’t suffer from memory effect, and there’s no need for cycling to extend battery life. Additionally, their self-discharge rate is less than half that of nickel-cadmium, making them ideal for modern fuel gauge applications. Another benefit is that lithium-ion cells are more environmentally friendly, causing minimal harm upon disposal.

The most economical lithium-ion battery in terms of cost-to-energy ratio is the Cylindrical 18650 (18mm x 65.2mm), commonly used in mobile computing and applications that don’t require ultra-thin components. For slimmer designs, the prismatic lithium-ion cell is the optimal choice, though it comes with a higher cost for stored energy.